Grand transitions [electronic resource] : how the modern world was made

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자료유형	단행본
서명/저자사항	Grand transitions [electronic resource]: how the modern world was made / Vaclav Smil.
개인저자	Smil, Vaclav, author.
발행사항	New York, NY: Oxford University Press, [2021]
형태사항	1 online resource (xi, 363 pages) : illustrations (some color)
ISBN	9780197548516 0197548512 0190060689 9780190060671 0190060670 9780190060688
서지주기	Includes bibliographical references and index.
내용주기	Epochal transitions -- Populations -- Agricultures and diets -- Energies -- Economies -- Environment -- Outcomes and outlooks.
요약	"The modern world was created through the combination and complex interactions of five grand transitions. First, the demographic transition changed the total numbers, dynamics, structure, and residential pattern of populations. The agricultural and dietary transition led to the emergence of highly productive cropping and animal husbandry (subsidized by fossil energies and electricity), which eliminated famines, reduced malnutrition, and improved the health of populations but also resulted in enormous food waste and had many environmental consequences. The energy transition brought the world from traditional biomass fuels and human and animal labor to fossil fuel, ever more efficient electricity, lights, and motors, which transformed both agricultural and industrial production and enabled mass-scale mobility and instant communication. Economic transition has been marked by relatively high growth rates of total national and global product, by fundamental structural transformation (from farming to industries to services) and by an increasing share of humanity living in affluent societies, enjoying unprecedented quality of life. These transitions have made many intensifying demands on the environment, resulting in ecosystemic degradation, loss of biodiversity, pollution, and eventually change on the planetary level, with global warming being the most worrisome development. This book traces the genesis of these transitions, their interactions and complicated progress as well as their outcomes and impacts, explaining how the modern world was made-and then offers a forward-thinking examination of some key unfolding transitions and appraising their challenges and possible results"--
해제	Provided by publisher.
일반주제명	Civilization, Modern --History. Technology and civilization --History. Population --History. Economic history. Human ecology --History. Civilization, Modern. Economic history. Human ecology. Population. Technology and civilization.
분류기호(DDC)	909.82
언어	영어
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