전남대학교 코어사업단이 주최하고, 영미문화연구소가 주관 하에 Elizabeth Hume 교수(Univ. of Canterbury)와 Robert Daland 교수(UCLA)를 모시고 초청 강연회를 열 계획입니다. 강연주제와 일정은 다음과 같습니다.

Elizabeth Hume 교수 (Univ. of Canterbury)

1. 일 시: 2017년 7월 10일(월) 오전 10시~12시

2. 장 소: 인문대 1호관 이을호 강의실

3. 강연주제: Message-oriented Phonology

4. 초록

The goal of this presentation is to introduce, Message-Oriented Phonology (MOP), an approach to understanding sound patterns developed by myself and colleagues Kathleen Currie Hall (University of British Columbia), Florian Jaeger (University of Rochester) and Andy Wedel (University of Arizona). Based on a diverse and complementary set of theoretical and empirical findings, we describe an approach to phonology in which sound patterns are shaped by the trade-off between biases supporting message transmission accuracy and resource cost. The evidence suggests that these biases influence the form of messages, defined with reference to a language's morphemes, words or higher levels of meaning, rather than influencing phonological categories directly. Integrating concepts from information theory and Bayesian inference with the existing body of phonological research, we propose a testable model of phonology that makes quantitative predictions. Moreover, we show that approaching language as a system of message transfer provides greater explanatory coverage of a diverse range of sound patterns.

Robert Daland 교수 (UCLA)

1. 일 시: 2017년 7월 12일(수) 오전 10시~12시

2. 장 소: 인문대 1호관 이을호 강의실

3. 강연주제: Cross-linguistic perception of English unstressed vowels

4. 초록

Speech is made up of continuous sound waves, but we perceive it as a sequence of discrete categories (words, syllables, consonants and vowels). How does this work?

The native language has a profound effect on speech perception. As infants, we learn the categories of our language. As we continue to use the language, we continue to gain experience with how sound waves map to phonetic categories (phonetic category learning). But we also acquire structural expectations, such as which sound sequences are common, rare, or do not occur (phonotactic learning). During native language speech perception, incoming speech is matched against learned categories, and the matching process is biased by structural expectations. This is why native language perception is so fast, robust, and efficient.

Something interesting happens in non-native speech perception. The phonetic categories and structural expectations of the native language do not match the input -- but they still bias the way we listen. And by examining how the system breaks down, we can understand how it works in more detail.

In the first part of this talk, we examine how Korean and Japanese listeners perceive English unstressed vowels. The phonology of English is organized around a basic opposition between stressed vowels (the 'heart' of a word) and unstressed vowels. English unstressed vowels are short, and generally occur in shorter, simpler syllables. We present an experiment in which Korean and Japanese listeners heard 2-syllable English nonwords like MEPple. They were asked to identify the closest vowel in their own language for the second (unstressed) syllable. One key finding: the way that the word was spelled had some influence on which vowel they chose. Another interesting finding: a very different results between Korean and Japanese. We can explain the results in terms of how the phonetic categories of English align with those of Korean versus Japanese.

The second part of the talk will be a hands-on demonstration.

I will show you how I created the experimental materials using PRAAT (http://www.fon.hum.uva.nl/praat/). I will share the experiment and stimulus files with you. Then I will help you to modify the experiment file to create a simple experiment of your own.

★ Robert Daland 교수님의 강연회에는 개인 노트북을 지참하실 것을 권합니다.

2시간 동안의 강연회를 마친 후에는 식당으로 옮겨 간담회를 가질 것입니다. 관심이 있으신 선생님들의 많은 참여를 부탁드립니다. 참석여부를 알려주시면 준비에 큰 도움이 되겠습니다.